Studying the behavior of scalar wave energy driven by Longitudinal Scalar Wave (LSW), requires an understanding of the foundations of electromagnetics and electrodynamics theory.
To help readers better comprehend LSW behavior, particularly in the context of understanding of Maxwell’s – Ampere’s Equations, we introduce vector calculus or vector algebra in this book to prepare our readers to have better concept and understanding of Volume I and II of these series of books that have published with applications to LSW, is our main area of study of this subject.